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Letter 4071

Nathanael Barwell to Hans Sloane – September 4, 1731


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Date: September 4, 1731
Author: Nathanael Barwell
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4052
Folio: ff. 5-6



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[fol. 6] Sir Heretofore to speake to Dr. Sloane on the part of the afflicted poor, was to my knowledge the same thing as addressing to what was Courteous Gentle, affable, mild, et. And as I can form no less Idea Sir Hans I crave leave without farther apology or preamble to say before him the case of a poor an afflicted with a Fistula suppos’d in Ano. And though my ignorance in Anatomie. and surgerie is such as not to comprehend the common Terms in the practice of either, which renders it impossible I should give a rationale of the matter, or of the process hitherto ineffectualy pursu’d; I shall yet hope to shew it in such a light, You may thence conclude whether a cure be practicable. The object or Patient is about 30 years old, married, has children, His Trade shoemaking, a busines which requires sitting. How long the infirmity hath attended I can’t tle; but about two years ago, on applying to a Physician, he after other previous means at length prescrib’d a salivation, which the Patient underwent, and as thought with succes, being easie for some months; but it return’d. Probably the method was right, and might have been effectual, had due care bin taken, which upon asking some Questions, I find was not (not indeed was it likely unles the Physician had order’d some intelligent person to attend the operation; for both the man and his wife are I think incapable of forming true notions of the consequents of oversights in such cases) by which means this which for aught I know might have cured him, may have done him hurt. All things consider’d tis next an impossibility it can ever be otherwise with this poor man in this place, and in his circumstances. The grievance as hinted is interiour, how far within, I can’t tell, likely not far; neither can I say whether its situation be on the more loose, (I presume there may be such kind of distinctions, though I know not how to expres ’em) or more fixt parts. But wherever situate, hence proceeds a kind of […], which shall run for a month or 6 weeks, and the discontinue for the same space of time or longer; more time being I suppose requir’d to saturate than for evacuating In the flux tis more and less painful, and is says he, sometimes accompany’d with so odious a smel as scarce tolerable. In the evacuation he can’t work, or ev’n sit with any comfort; yet is rarely sick, and as seldom wants a good stomach. Upon asking whether he could not sit easie supposing the seat he workt on were cut through in form of a common convenience answer’d, he had ty’d, and in that case the parts appear very odly, e.g. as though a large hole, big big [sic] as the bunghole of a […] perforated into his entrails, through which the […] with such force and chilnes, as blown with a Bellow. I wish I knew how to give a more dear and particular account. To cure this man is doubtles a good work; but as […] instances which I have partly describ’d it appears to me utterly impossible it can be effected here for these reasons reasons rec’d last, possibly in want of experienc’d, and thence sufficiently skillful anatomists and surgeons. Next in absence of good genuine and perfect Drugs or Medicines, in which I have good great reason to doubt these parts defective Lastly, in want of what seems equaly necessary, e.g. A regular and due attendance. All which in this place, tis likely he will ever find defective. Nor can these defects I conceive, be any where in England so compleatly supply’d as in the London Hospitals. Over all which, as I presume you have a general if not an immediat influence, so I pray, I may prevail with You to make us of it in some one of ’em, on the part of this poor creature, otherwise as far as I can see, destitute of all humane help or comfort. And in case of a favourable return, if tis not too much trouble, by next post, which I hint in respect to the poor Man, directed to me at Acworth near Pontfract Yorkshire, Fennybridge Bag. I shall furnish him with as much mony as sufficient to bring him on foot to London (for he walks pretty well) there to attend Your disposal of him by the name of Benjamin Clarke. And if need be, with a Certificate sign’d by the Minister as well as my self. I now crave leave to say, That though You have not for many years seen me, ’tis possible you may yet remember there was formerly, both at Sir Godfrey Copley’s and at the late Duke of Newcastle’s, one under the name of Your most obedient humble servant Nat Barwell Sept. 4th. [1]731. P.S. Some People have lately told me, that this Fellow’s mother was thought to have had the Pox I believe he never heard of it himself, and I care not mention it to him. Whether true, I can’t tell, tho’ it seems necessary I should hint it to You. It may be scandal; but if otherwise, possibly his blood and juices are thence affected. But his children, and I believe they are his own, (and one of them about two years old) appear very healthy, as doth his wife, and for himself, I believe him stricktly virtuous in that particular.

Nathanael Barwell, of Ackworth.




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Letter 1284

Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz to Hans Sloane – May 5, 1702


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Date: May 5, 1702
Author: Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4038
Folio: ff. 339-340



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Leibniz sends Sloane an account of a newly discovered comet. He reminds Sloane that he still wants his opinion on the adoption of the Gregorian Calendar. He has heard that John Wallis is dead and hopes it is not true. Leibniz was a German mathematician and philosopher who contributed significantly to the development of each field among others (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz).




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Letter 1281

Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz to Hans Sloane – December 27, 1701


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Date: December 27, 1701
Author: Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4038
Folio: ff. 281-282



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Leibiz discusses the debate on the adoption of the Gregorian Calendar in Germany’s Protestant states. He includes scientific calculations, a request for Sloane’s opinion, and his concern that the politicians involved in the debate will not be led by science. Leibniz continues to work toward setting up the Berlin Academy of Sciences. He has collected a medical-physical history of the year from doctors in the provinces. He asks about Newton’s works on colour and the movement of the moon. Leibniz was a German mathematician and philosopher who contributed significantly to the development of each field among others (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz).




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Letter 4550

Dr. Hans Sloane to Mr. John Ray – Dec. 20, 1684


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Date: Dec. 20, 1684
Author: Dr. Hans Sloane
Recipient: Mr. John Ray

Library: The Correspondence of John Ray: Consisting of Selections from the Philosophical Letters Published by DR. Derham and Original Letters of John Ray, in the Collection of the British Museum
Manuscript: The Correspondence of John Ray: Consisting of Selections from the Philosophical Letters Published by DR. Derham and Original Letters of John Ray, in the Collection of the British Museum
Folio: pp. 158 - 159



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SIR,-The Fungus Campaniformis niger multa Sem. plan. in se continens of Merrett’s Pinax [Nidularia cam- panulata, With.], grows plentifully here in several places in London, and seems to me very pretty in the contriv- ance of the seed; for within the cup of the fungus, which is like a bell, or rather the top of Muscus Pysoides, or Pixidatus Ger. [Scyphophorus], there lies several seeds fastened to the bottom of the cup by means of a very small thread, or fibril, which I suppose might bring the sap from the root to the seed: it has but a small root, and usually comes out in a round white tumour from old wood, which serves to keep up the sides of borders; the rain falling into this cup, and filling it, the seeds are heaved up and washed over, and sow themselves. Per- haps this Fungus may have a near affinity with the common Muscus Pixidatus, and this may have some seed too. This Fungus is figured by Menzelius in his description of some plants in several places of Germany. Its name, or what he says of it, I do not now remember, not having the book by me. If you have not taken notice of this Muscus or Fungus, I will observe it more narrowly and send you its history. Yesterday I was at Chelsea Garden to see how the plants were preserved there this cold weather, and found that in the daytime they put no fire into their furnaces, and that in the night they not only put in some fire, but cover the windows where they stand with pitched canvas, taking this off and opening them as much as the air or wind permits. There is now in flower the Se- dum arboresc. [Sempervivum arboretum, Linn.] This is the fourth year of its age; it is in a pot, and has continued flowering for this four months, and is very pleasant. Mr. Watts expects to have Aloe this year in flower, it being already set for it. He has several myrtles not described, a fine amaranthus, of a crimson colour, which comes from the East Indies, and some fine Cyclamini. When I shall have the happiness to peruse what you have, or are a writing on any of the tribes, if I shall have observed anything concerning them not mentioned therein, I shall not fail to give you an account.

There is a vast number of East and West India seeds

come over this year; among the rest, great store of Pisum arborescens, all the sorts of the Abrus, Tea, &c. Of all which there are great expectations, and as they come to perfection you may expect from me an account of them * * * *
London, Dec. 20, 1684

Edwin Lankester, ed. The Correspondence of John Ray: Consisting of Selections from the Philosophical Letters Published by Dr. Derham, and original letters of John Ray in the Collection of the British Museum (London: Printed for the Ray Society, 1848), pp. 158 – 159.

Letter destination presumed as Black Notley as Ray’s location in his prior and letter and response to Sloane is Black Notley. Ray was also considered not to have left Black Notley after 1679.




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Letter 0646

William Sherard to Hans Sloane – October 28, 1700


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Date: October 28, 1700
Author: William Sherard
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4038
Folio: ff. 84-85



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[fol. 84] Dear Sr. I read yrs & thank you heartily for ye transactions & yr trouble about ye yr cases. I shall write Venice speedily, if about any thing ghence, let me know having some mon–ey due to me there, wch I design to lay out in Books I read a letter lately from Mr. Ray, who sayd his methody is finished & yt he would add to it avicshode for grasses. I with you would contrive to get it printed. I work for him every day & was it not for yt diversion I should not be able to stay here. I never met wth any body yt has so little genius for learning (or anything else for hoses, dogs &sport) as his grace, wch sometimes makes me uneasy if I cam rubout ye time I promise I’le do not dispair of any sort of [?] tho it was to be (dark) Carshusian Mr. Ray will send me every section as he finishes them to look over & add what I can. if I shall wth pleasure do ye little I can to render ye work more compleat he wants an [?] of sker-backs Thegh Fungi, Wch I woud make if I had it. [fol. 84v] there is also some actts of Fungi at ye end of an Acct. of [?] writ in English in 8vo wch shoud be added & compared wth those describd elsewhere; I question not but you have it. I writ to Mr. Petiver Sept. 21 but he will not voulh safe me an answer when I walk out I divert my self wth moff cropping; I have dryd a great many sorts, some I think new. I have makd out a great many & design to gather them in all their states, wch will reduce them to fewer then are mentioned. Pray wn you see Mr. Buddle, give him my service & tell him I lay by for & expect ye same on his side. my ser-vice to yr good family & all friends at ye Tarished Coffee house. Your Dear Sr. yr most obliged humble servt WSherard Badmington Oct. 28th 1700

Sherard was a botanist and cataloguer. He worked for the Turkish Company at Smyrna where he collected botanical specimens and antiques (D. E. Allen, Sherard, William (16591728), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/25355, accessed 24 June 2011]).




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Letter 0611

John Ray to Hans Sloane – April 3, 1700


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Date: April 3, 1700
Author: John Ray
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4038
Folio: f. 4



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[fol. 4] Sr Black Notley Aprill 13. 1700. Upon reading Your Letter of the 6th instant I could not but be moved with indignation against those vile Rogues, who when they failed in their attempt of breaking open Your house were so malicious as to set it on fire. I congratulate with you your deliverance from so great a danger, & hum- bly thank God on your behalf. The scurrilous Pamphlet entitled the Transactioneer I did al- ways believe to be no better then you represent it. And for Dr Plukenet I look upon him as an ill natured man, & liable to mistakes how ever confident & slef-conceited he may be, that I say nothing of his unskilfulnesse & want of exactnesse in ye Latine & Greek tongues. His arrogance & overweening opinion of himself & his performances appears by that hemistichium prefixt to his Phytography, Nil nifi pramia desunt. I doo not urge the sending me your Magellane-straits plants I am in no hast for them, but can well wait your leisure I did not expect so great & rich an Addiction to my Supplemt of History as You tell me Dr Sherard intends generously to con- tribute in wch respect it is well my undertakers were so dila- tory in beginning upon it. It will be greatly for ye advantage of the Work, if ever it come to be published. I should be very glad to see Dr Sherard, & to have some conference with him though loath I am He should put himself to ye trouble & expence of such a journey for my sake. Please to give my service to him, & tell him so much. Your intended Present of Sugar doth so far exceed my merit or expectation, that I may justly be ashamed to accept it. We are so far obliged already for largesses of this & other kinds, that we want ability to make you any amends. All We can doe is to retain a gracefull memory of your kindnesse, & to owne the obli- gation. My Wife & Daughters return their very humble servi- ces & thanks to you Dr Tourneforts Institutions may be of use to me as to the Me- thodus Plantaru[m] emendata, wch I have ready for the Presse both for the correcting of some mistakes wch possibly I may have committed, & the enlarging of it by now observations I have done whem I have told you that I am Sr Your very much obliged friend & humble servant John Ray

Ray was a theologian and naturalist who collected and catalogued his botanical findings in the much lauded Historia plantarum (1686, 1688) (Scott Mandelbrote, Ray , John (16271705), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2005 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23203, accessed 18 June 2013]).




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Letter 0104

William Sherard to Hans Sloane – August 10, 1700


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Date: August 10, 1700
Author: William Sherard
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4038
Folio: ff. 47-48



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[fol. 47] Dear Sr. I return you a thousand thanks for faves in London & question not but shll do ye same for procuring me ye honer to wait you by grace, ye prospect being very agreeable. I did not get to Badivixgton till wenesday, ye horses sent to meet me, by ye neglect of servt coming too late or letting ye coach pass wth out asking yesterday working his grain set out for this place & was met by most of ye genty wth in ye focept of Dear; severall were there that were not expected, having been violent ennamies of the late years to ye family, & ye rest of them design to wait upon his grace here, who by his sweat temper & obliging be haviour will bring them intirely into his interest. we shall stay here but 4 or 5 days & then go for Ld Coventicas so yt shall not return to Baduington this fortnight at least. I was extremely supris’d to see ye gardens wch out do anything in Europe, I shall give Mr. Ray some acct. of them Fol. 47v there being a great many nondescripts in good state to describe, but that might be at more leisure. I saw Dr Godnar Bridges & his cocufaguious, Mr. Gora & severall other friends at ye Ball where we drank yr health together. my humble service to yr good Lady & family & to all frinds at ye clubb & else where, from Yr most bliged humble Serv’t WSherard Troy near Moumouth Augst 10th 1700

Sherard was a botanist and cataloguer. He worked for the Turkish Company at Smyrna where he collected botanical specimens and antiques (D. E. Allen, Sherard, William (16591728), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/25355, accessed 24 June 2011]).




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Letter 0634

William Sherard to Hans Sloane – August 31, 1700


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Date: August 31, 1700
Author: William Sherard
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4038
Folio: ff. 58-59



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[fol. 58] Dear Sr. I return you the inclos’d, yt you may see what Madn Her man desires, Ime sorry my circumstances in justice to my own unhappy family will not permit me to do what otherwise I shou’d be very meineable to I shall answer her next post. I hope Mr. Jones will bring over seeds as well as specimens, I have writ to all my cor–rispondts to procure what I can for her Grace who deserves the ye best of ay body I know, & I donot not but in a few years here will be ye best garden in Europe. Mr Crow I hear sets forward on Tuesday for London, I suppose about to discourse Ld Carbery tho am told here it will come to nothing. I find he Grace mighty inclinable to marry my Ld Duke & the might either do that or send him abroad wch shee will never hear of my humble service to yr good family & all friends at ye Clubb. I am Dear Sr. yr most obliged humble Serv’t WSherard Badmington Aug. 31 1700

Sherard was a botanist and cataloguer. He worked for the Turkish Company at Smyrna where he collected botanical specimens and antiques (D. E. Allen, Sherard, William (16591728), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/25355, accessed 24 June 2011]).




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Letter 2598

James Mackenzie to Hans Sloane – July 30, 1720


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Date: July 30, 1720
Author: James Mackenzie
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4076
Folio: ff. 93-94



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(f. 93) Sir I’m desired by Sir Adolphus Oughton to let you know how ill he has been for this week past. The side of his face began to swell, and be very uneasie to him on Wednesday last which was a month from the day that he was taken ill in the same manner and the second time that he observd it to return precisely at the end of the month. On Thursday night the pain grew so violent that no torture could be more acute; it was mitigated a little with a fomentation, a pultice and an anodyne draught: but afterwards perceiving that the pain grew more intense every other night, shooting in to his ear with such violence that no patience could endure it, He took (in order to prevent it, or at least make it more tolerable) several doses of the bark in the same form that you was pleased to prescribe it: this tryal was so far successful that the pain in his ear has never been very troublesome to him since, but still the side of his face continues very hard, tense, red and full of pain. The days are somewhat tolerable, but the nights exceeding grievous to him, for as he has always more or less of a fever upon him at that time, the swelling and pain increase in proportion, so that he rests and sleeps but very (f. 93v) little. He sweats much which together with the pain and fever make him very weak and low spirited. One thing surprizes [torn] which in my humble opinion is easie to be accounted for; He [had] yesterday a chilness which lasted about six or seven minutes and dureing that time the swelling sunk somewhat, and the pain was abated all of a sudden, but as he grew hot immediately after, the swelling increased more, and the pain returnd as formerly. This morning also the swelling was less than in the night, and the pain ceas’d leaving no soreness to the touch; tho’ now at 12 o’clock after having taken a dose of the bark and a glass of wine and water, the pain begins to return; that is, I presume, whenever the motion of the blood becomes more languid, as in a cold fit, or after an access of the fever has spent it self, the blood dos not beat against the obstructed part with so much violence, whence the distension and pain must abate; the contrary to which happens in s hot fit where the blood moves with a greater rapidity; this I write to satisfy Sir Adolphus and not to inform you whom I acknowledge with pleasure to be vastly my superior. The part is now red, swelld and full of pain, and pits below the ear from the pressure of the finger, nor dos any pus yet come by the salival duct as it used to do at London, so that we hope it may break outwardly. This is the fourth return of the same illness, and every return (f. 94) [has] acquired more strength and violence than the preceding. [torn] the whole your advice is very much desired by Sir Adolphus Sir Your most obedient humble servant James Mackenzie Barwick July 30th 1728 Pray adress your answer to me at Sir Adolphus’s house at Tatchbrooke near Warwick Mr Amiand has been sent to by this Post

The letter is franked “Fre. A. Oughton” and postmarked 2 Au. Warwick.




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Letter 1911

Antony Picenini to Hans Sloane – August 7, 1713


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Date: August 7, 1713
Author: Antony Picenini
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4043
Folio: f. 173



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Picenini informs Sloane that Vallisneri delivered a lecture on recent physical and natural discoveries. Captain Desie, a Venetian, carried the post on his ship. Picenini just received word that he is going to pass next winter in Montpellier. He asks Sloane to pass his compliments on to Mr Pitt. Antony Picenini was a physician.




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