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Letter 3430

Eustachio Manfredi to Hans Sloane – ca. February, 1728


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Date: ca. February, 1728
Author: Eustachio Manfredi
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4049
Folio: ff. 121-122



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Transcription

This letter is a copy of two letters sent to Sir Thomas Dereham, one by Antonio Vallisneri and the other by Eustachio Manfredi. Dereham copied them himself and has forwarded them to Sloane as he said he would. See: Sloane MS 4049, fols. 119-120. Vallisneri and Manfredi congratulate Sloane on his election as President of the Royal Society. Antonio Vallisneri (1661-1730) was a medical scientist, physician, and naturalist who held prestigious chairs of medicine at the University of Padua from 1700 to his death. His approach to science was greatly influenced by Leibniz, Conti, and Galileo’s experimental methodology (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Vallisneri). Eustachio Manfredi (1674-1739) was an Italian mathematician, astronomer, and poet. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1729 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustachio_Manfredi).




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Letter 3840

Jacob Serenius to Hans Sloane – December 8, 1730


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Date: December 8, 1730
Author: Jacob Serenius
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4051
Folio: ff. 139-140



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Transcription

Serenius offers a set of books and meteorological observations from Sweden. He sends a sample of a Swedish-English dictionary he is working on. Serenius asks Sloane to accept a letter from Mr Triewald, who wants to become a Fellow of the Royal Society. Jacob Serenius (1700-1776) was the Bishop of Strengnäs in Sweden. He served as a Lutheran pastor to a congregation in London between 1728 to 1735 (http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Serenius).




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Letter 3934

Joseph Pitton de Tournefort to Hans Sloane – June 13, 1685


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Date: June 13, 1685
Author: Joseph Pitton de Tournefort
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4036
Folio: f. 16



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Transcription

Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656-1708) was a French botanist who developed the idea of taxonomically organizing plants according to the concept of genus. He published the famous Elements de botanique (1694) and travelled the Mediterranean and Caucuses to research their flora from 1700 to 1702 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Pitton_de_Tournefort).




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Letter 1241

Joseph Pitton de Tournefort to Hans Sloane – October 20, 1698


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Date: October 20, 1698
Author: Joseph Pitton de Tournefort
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4037
Folio: f. 140



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Transcription

Tournefort sends Sloane two letters Chirac authored in response to Vieussens on the question of acid in the blood. Tournefort criticizes the vehemence of Chirac’s argument. Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656-1708) was a French botanist who developed the idea of taxonomically organizing plants according to the concept of genus. He published the famous Elements de botanique (1694) and travelled the Mediterranean and Caucuses to research their flora from 1700 to 1702 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Pitton_de_Tournefort).




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Letter 2181

Henry Barham Sr. to Hans Sloane – November 6, 1717


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Date: November 6, 1717
Author: Henry Barham Sr.
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4045
Folio: ff. 58-61



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Transcription

[fol. 58] Worthy Sr I formerly takeing the Freedom to write to you whilest I was in Jamaica of the Great use advantage and Benefitt that Island might Receive by the Natural History you writ of ye Herbs and Trees there Growing, if they would but make a rite use of that so Laborious Learned and Intelligable Volum, where every Plant is so Exactly Laid down that with only by Reading your Descriptions and having a Recourdr or View on Your Icons, I was a lone able to Distinguish one Plant from Another, and Soon became Familiarly Acquainted with the Tribes of every kind; and as I Signifyed to you that I had made it my Bussiness to finde out the Specifick Quality of some those Plants you there Mention, which undertakeing you were Pleased to Incourage by a Letter you Favoured me with Made me the more Inquisitive and Diligent into the search not only of Plants, but also of What ever fell in my Way that I thoughtt might be of use or Service to the Island and Satisfaction to yourself as farr as my mean Capacity Could Contribute not forgetting that Saying: Semper officio fungitor (says Cicero) Utilitati Hominum consulons et Societati, and Hippocrates the Prince of Physitians sayeth, No cunctoris otiam ab Sidiotis Inquirare et Disedre [?] Siquid ad Modend: Occaso=onem facr Vidatur, and as I am Willing to take Notice of these things that first Appear or are Mentioned in your first Volum Intending (as this is Received to go on Gradually with every thing that may be of use by Way of Letters: And therefore first takeing Notice in your Introduction Page 11the where you Spake of A Hot Bath of Spring Near Morant in the Eastward Part of the Island Situated in A Wood, which has been Bathed in and Drunk of late yours for the Belly ach with great success And should I Enu=merate the Great and Wonderfull Cures that have been effectually performed by Drinking and Bathing in this Wonderful Medecinal Water a Large Volum would not Contain them, and was it not for the ill situation of the Place and Great Difficulty to come at it I Question not but as many more Cures might be performd by it as hath been Already: This Water Gushes out of an Almost Perpendic=ular Rock of A very Great Height not farr from a Place Called Plant=in Garden River opposite is Another Rocky mountain with a little Riverlet between wch is very stony, so that it makes the way that leads to it for 3 or 4 miles very Difficult to Travell in it: Persons being Obliged to goe for the most Part in the River only Now and then A path Dugg out of ye Sides of the mountains wch are so Near to each Other and So High that you Seldom see ye Suns brightness until Near a Eleven or Twelve A Clock; This Hot Water Discharges its self through Three Several Places of ye Rocks like Spouts and are of Different degress of Heat The Upper and Farther most up the River is the Hotest the Next to it not quite so Hot: The Lowest or Hithermost something Cooler, But the Coldest of three farr Exceeds in Heat any of out English Hot Baths for Noo Person dare Attempt to Bathe in ye Coldest of these Waters until it hath been put in A Tub the Best part of an Hour, and if Carried 10 or 12 miles from ye Place it is taken from will be sufficiently Hot to Bathe in, Now to Account for this Uncommon Heat in this Water, is no Small Task especially by me who hath but a small Share in ye knowledg of the Secret and Hidden mysteries of Nature Some are of the Opinion that there is there or Near to that Place a subterraneous Fire or A Vulcano and the Rather because its Observd that all our Shocks or Earthquakes comes first from that Way and always running swiftly to the Westward some are of the Opinion that there is A Rich Mine Near unto it because fine Glittering Marcasites are found Near it (of wch I have brought some over with me) The moss that Grows Upon ye Rocks N[ear and] round about these Hot Water Spouts or Courses are Coverd with Sulphurous Matter to that degree that Card matches have been made of it (as I have been informd) I know a Gentlewoman that had A most Obstinate inveterate Vecor [?] and Her Legg w[as] not be Cured any Way or means until she went to the B[ath] where by Drinking and Constantly Bathing ye Part and Laying in some of the Sulphurated moss was in A most Wonderfull manner firmly and quickly Cured: It was no Small Wonder to me Hearing of so many Eminent Cures Performed by this Hot Water (especially in ye Loss of the use of Limbs Occasioned by Bilious Policks [?] and Restoring those that had wholly Lost their Appetites and emaciated to meer skeletons so strangely Recovered;) And no body Inquier into the Nature and Quality of so eminent a Thermetical Water or in A Chymical Manner Inquier what Salts or Sulphur and in What quantity of either might be found in it: And I having formerly made some Essays Upon A Medecinal Cold Water at St Faiths in ye Parish of St Johns of Guanaboo (wch I shall give an Account of Here after) Thought it would be a means to sett Some Other Persons att Work About this Hot Water to Windward Knowing that there was many Ingenious and well qualifyed Persons frequented that place and fitt for such an Inquiery: Noo attempts being made of that kinde I was persuaded to make some Tryalls for the Publick Benefitt and Satisfaction of some Perticular Persons that frequently made use of that Water, wch I Never yet Published being made Just before I Left that Island: And Now Worthy Sr. if it be worth your Acceptance I shall entertain you with an Exact Diara [sic] of my Several Ways and Manner I Essayed the Above aid Water which when summed up you will be a Better Judge of its Nature and quality than I Can pretend to: Feb: 7th 1716 Upon first View of this Water I Could not Desern any Different Colour from any Other I Observed it had A strange and uncommon Sulphurous smell I Put some of it into a Silver Tankard and in A Few Hours it turned the Silver of A Copperous Colour and ye Upper part Near the sur.. [fol. 59] Surface Of the Water the Sides of the Tankard as Turned of A Blackish Blew Colour and very Thick: 8th I Nicely Weighed the Bath Water with that of Rio de Cobra and Could not find A grain Different in Weight of one from ye Other 9th I Infused in it Cold wch did not give Neither Black or Purple Colour Altho it stood 24 Hours 10th I Put some of this Water into 3 small Glasses into the one Oil of Tartar per Delqh: [?] into Another Rectifyed Oil of Vitriol and into a Third Sal Armoniac Neither of which made any Vizable Alteration or Precepitation 11th I filled 2 small Glasses of this Water and put into one Danzick Vitriol and in the Other English White Vitriol this Changed ye Water to an Amber Colour but Noo precepitation the Other Vitriol made little or no Alteration 12th I made the Water Just Boil and then Infusd Galls in it but noo Alteration in Colour appeard so that I Concluded that is in no Respect Ferruginous [?] 13th I Tried if Distilled Vinegar would make A precipitation but None Appeard 14 I Tried it With Soap and found it made A Stronger and A most Lasting Lather than any Lixivual of Ashes what Leands [?] 15th I made 3 Strong Tinctures in Common Water of Brasilloto [?] Red Saunders and A Red Dying Root that Grows in Jamaica I Dropt into each of These Tinctures some of ye Bath Water which Increased and Heightened their Ruby Complextion 16 I made an Infusion of Lign: Nephriticum in Common Water Another Infusion or Tincture of Jamaica blew berries Called by Some Indigo berries to wch I added Bath Water wch immediately Heightened to a great Degree their Sky or Azure Colour, after which I Dropt in A few Drops of Sp: of Sal Armon: and into ye Other Sp: of Vitrial tho one was Turned into A del:icate Green the Other into a Bright Red 17 I began to Evaporat over A Gentle fire some of ye Bath Water in wch I could not finde Any Sulphuring or precepitated Matter 20th I filled A Small Cucurbit about Half full of the Bath Water (which Smelled very Strong) and Luted A Glass Lembeck Head to it and A Glass Receiver and began to Drane it over the Helm very Gently for 3 Days together I Observed the Water that came over into ye Receiver had no smell; which I Lett Stand Close Stopt: for A Week in which time there Appeared fine Clouds like fine White flecks, some sticking to ye sides of the Glass like Snow Some Waveing About like white Feathers some of which would Rise within an Inch of ye Surface of ye Water, Other Subsideing Almost to the bottom of ye Glass but very litely, for upon ye least motion of the glass they would rise almost to the middle Region of ye Water but Some Clouds stuck fast to the sides of the Glass waveing about like Feathers and would not precepitate to ye bottom; March; I began to make Tryals of the Water Drawn Over into the Receivers by pouring some off it into 4 Glasses into the first I put in Rectifyed oil of Vitriol into A 2d Spirit of Salt into A 3d Butter of Antimony into the 4th Strong Vipegar [?] The first had no Vizable precepitation The 2d had A Small white precepitation like Common Salt in fine Grains The 3d had A very Copious precepitation like Antimon: Diapto: The 4th had no precepitation 9th I poured some of ye Distilled Water into 3 Small Glasses into ye first I put Sp: Sal: Armon: into ye 2d Sp:ll and into ye 3d Ole [?] Tartar per delg. in Neither of which I could not perceive any Alteration of precepitation 11 I made A Strong Solution of drie [?] Sublimat in Common Water, into which I put in Some of ye Distilled Bath Water wch made no Vizable Alteration or precepitation as might be Expected had there been Any Adsonicall [?] Sulphurous quality to it. 12 I put into 2 little Glasses Some of ye Distilled Water into wch I put into one Solution of Danzwick Vitriol and into ye Other Roman Vitriol the first had A yellowish precepitation, the Other Turned a little Greenish with it Whitish yellow precepitate 13th I Put in Three Pints of the Bath Water into A Glass Cucurbit Lakeing [?] very Close it Lembick Head and Receiver and Distilled it or Drew it all off to A Dryness, There Remain [fol. 60] There Remaining in the bottom of the Cucurbit A Small Caput Mors: I broke ye vessel and Scraped it Clean off, wch was of a lite Brown Colour Weighing 24 grains and very Pungent Upon the Tongue I put it Upon A Red Hot Iron wch made a little Smoak Turning Black like Other Minerals or Crude Antimony I held A bright peece of Iron over the Smoak wch Turned ye Iron of a Blewish Colour Some part of it of A yellowish Golden Colour After this I put it Upon a Broad pointed Knife very bright and Held it over the Flame of A Candle until the Knife was of A Sulphurous Smell, but no flame, What Remained Upon the Knife was of A Whitesh Gray in Grains Weighing 10 Grains and Divested of all Manner of ill or Sulphurous Smell Rather Aromatick as the Ingenious and Worthy Dr Hay was Pleased to Call it who was Well Pleased with my Pains and Labour I had taken and Upon tasteing out found it Reddily Dissolved Upon the Tongue with a quick and Smart Pungenty Those were the Tryalls I made Upon this so usefull a Water and had made many more had I not been prevented by my comeing to Great Britain: The Cold Water at St Faiths I Shall give you an Account if Desired; Here after and then shall proceed to the Specifick Qualitys of Some of those Plants Growing in Jamaica not forgetting the Black Spider of which I have brought over with me Mentioned in A former Letter of mine in the mean While I shall Always Remain your most Faithfull friend and Obedient Servant to Command Henry Barham November 6th 1717 I understanding you would be at Crane Court to morrow Left this Letter with Mr Thomas for you

Henry Barham (1670?-1726) was a botanist. He lived in Jamaica and corresponded with Sloane on the plant and animal life of the island. Parts of Barham’s letters to Sloane appeared in the latter’s Natural History of Jamaica (T. F. Henderson, Barham, Henry (1670?1726), rev. Anita McConnell, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1374, accessed 13 June 2011]).




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Letter 4426

J. Brown to Hans Sloane – February 21, 1731/32


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Date: February 21, 1731/32
Author: J. Brown
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4052
Folio: ff. 69-71



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Transcription

[fol. 69] Paris feb. the 21th Sr I entirely rely upon yr goodness to be pardon’d the liberty I take in giveing you this trouble which proceeds from a great ambition I’ve had this good While of communicating with the royal Society some Mechanical principles which lead me into an Essay concerning the Mechanical Causes of gravity, elasticity, and of the cohesion or Mutual attraction of the primary insensible parts of bodies, as alsoe of the Mutual aversion or repulse of others, as is observable by phenomena. for the undertaking this essay, I had found out and Demonstrated from principles universally receiv’d (at least by the royal Society of London) a law of Nature, whereby a rare elastick Medium (such as the Incomparable Sir Isaac Newton’s Other) Must act upon all bodies, not as all other Mechanical Causes hitherto observ’d, according to the quantity of surfaces, but constantly according to the quantity of solid matter contain’d in the bodies, and in their Insensible parts on wch such a rare elastick Medium Acts, without any regard to the quantity of surfaces; and Acts thus upon all bodies at considerable distances which are always proportionable to the solid Magnitudes of the bodies. for (tho the philosophers of this wide of the world don’t seem to be aware of it) it is well known from phenomena especially that of the equal accelaration of all sorts of bodies falling in Vacuo Boyleano, that without having first demonstrated such a Mechanical law as this I’ve talked of ’tis in Vain to seek for a Mechanical Cause of gravity; I mean any cause consisting in any exteriour action or impulse of any kind of Matter towards my common point such as the Center or rather focus or umbilicus of a system of bodies Moveing in curves about said focus. And from this Law, Whereby any rare elastick Medium Must thus act upon bodies, I am in hopes may be found to proceed them vires Nature of which the great Newton speaks in he preface of his Mathl principles; beginning with this remarkable phrase, Multa me Movent ut nonnilul suspicer & exquibus viribus ignotis (says he) philosophi hactenus Naturam frustra lentarant [?] Besides explaining those Vires Nature (residing in Newton’s spiritus subtilissimus, pag. ult. princip. Mot., iujas vi et actio uibus, says he ibid., perticule corporum ad Minimas distantias se Mutuo attrahuat et antigue facte inherent &c) [?] I have Endeavour’d to deduce from phenomena and known Me chemical Laws, the true constitution of all systems of bodies Moving in Curves about one common focus or umbilicus, in which constitution I’ve found to appear Most Naturally the vis centripeta acting by a Constant Mechanical Law towards the Common focus of the system And I must beg leave to observe that this discovery (if not unknown to me, ill grounded) Must be of the last importance to Natural philosophy this I am sure that My attempt is very Candid and down right bona fide, nor do I think to have rely’d upon any one supposition in all my essay, but altogether upon known phenomena, and [fol. 70] receivd Mechanical principles tho’ not hitherto apply’d in the same Manner that I have by Chance apply’d them. I have alsoe explain’d according to Mechanical principles depending on the discover’d Mechanical cause of gravity the compounded forces whereby all Circumsolar bodies ascend from their perihelia tot he Aphelia and vice versa, describing about the common focus ellipses more or less Eccentrick according to the various ways whereby those compounded forces act on upon another; which various ways and laws of acting, and what they proceed from I undertake to explain in Mixt Mathematicks from phenomena & known mechanical Laws. and do think (at least as far as I can convince my self) to have assign’d the true mechanical cause of that more or less eccentricity of all Elliptick orbits; as alsoe to have given a compleat Mechanical theory of all the phenomena of Comets as they are collected and observed by the most admirable industry of the great Newton and Halley. In short all their celestial phenomena that Sir Isaac Newton explain’d by his own Mathematical word Attraction in the Corallaries of his 36th prop. book 1. of which attraction he says in the entrance of that section pag. 147 quamvis [?] for laste, si physice loquamar, verius dicatur impulses; [?] I say all them phenomena I endeavour so to explain as to assign the mechanical and physical Cause of that attraction, consisting in or proceeding from either the simple mechanical cause of gravity already assign’d, or else in or from the compounded forces of gravity towards the focus and of the first project […] immechanical motion impress’d on the Celestial bodies by the first Imechanical Cause to which from the same principles I’ve added the physico-mechanical Causes of the attraction or gravitation of over seas towards the bodies of the Moon & Sun and Sun [sic]; and of the perturbation or Mutual attraction of the planets sensibly observable in the conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn so that I think to have assign’d and Explain’d the true Mechanical Cause of all sensible general phenomena observable in our system consisting either in the simple force of gravity towards the focus, or in the foremention’d forces compounded therewith but of the action of the Cause of gravity towards the said focus i.e. of the centripetal action of Newtons spiritus subtilissimus or Medium other[…] (whereof pag. ult. princip. and quest. 21 ad fin. opt.) I say of the Centripetal action of this Medium I don’t think there is any Mechanical exteriour cause to be assign’d but the first constitution or Laws of the great Imechanical Cause; and there a natural philosopher must rest and give up his Mechanical Causes,and he may call that first imechanical constitution or Law whereby the other acts towards the Center, he may call it, I say, attraction or whatever Name he thinks fit[.] I have ventur’d, sir, to tire your patience thus for with this sort of Memoire, and shall beg the favour of your protection, if you find there possibly cou’d be any expectation of succeeding upon such an attempt as I here describe; of which I am sensible there may be great doubt considering many observations lately made in Natural philosophy whereby the Cause of gravity seems to be no way Mechanical but as Sir Isaac Newton himself was of opinion [sic] it may be mechanical, and as the know of the difficulty coud act upon bodies according to the quantity […] Mattr which I think I have explain’d, I therefore woud be glad to push my attempt as far as the royal Society wou’d find it consistent with true principles; and I am in some hopes that the royal Society of London (above all others) may […] my principles not insistent wth theirs. Wherefore the least Incouragemt from you sir woud Make me go over to London for some Months to Lay down My essay at yr feet & to assure you how much I am your Most obedient humble servt J. Brown My address […] is Chez Mr Loftus banquier anglois A Paris [fol. 71] I beg leave Sir to give you My address at large thus A Monsieur, Monsieur Brown recommendé a Monsr Loftus banquier Anglois A Paris in case you favour me with an Answer Mr. Browns letter paris feb 21 1731

Brown discusses his physical studies and the work of Sir Isaac Newton in great detail.




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Letter 2216

Henry Barham Sr. to Hans Sloane – November 21, 1717


Item info

Date: November 21, 1717
Author: Henry Barham Sr.
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4045
Folio: ff. 68-71



Original Page



Transcription

[fol. 68] Worthy Sr The Kind Reception of my Last Incourages me to goo on with this, wch Relates to A Cold Water wch I mentioned in my last at St Faiths in ye Parrish of St Johns of Guanaboo about 14 Miles from St. Iago dela Vego: the Tryalls I made of it in About 18 years Past, since wch I have lost most of my Notes and Observations I made Uppon it but what Remains in my memory I shall freely Impart: Walking along in a Small River at St Faiths above said where the Banks of each side are very high and shaded with Pleasant Green Trees, I spied [?] Some Shineing Sticking to the sides of the Banks of ye River, their luster Obliged me to make a farther search into the Banks: wch I found (after A Thin Clay bed was taken off) as it were A perpend=icular Wall of Square Fleaky Stones as it Placed by Art with some Clefts or large partments [?] where was as if Thrust in; Beds of White and Blew Morter, wch Upon handling Stuck Close to the fingers like Stiff Clay smelling So Strong of Sulphur enough to strike one down when first taken out of ye Rocks; wch was full of fine Glitte=rring Particles and some Lumps as bigg as the largest Diamond and when washed Clean from ye Earth Appeared very bright and Glittering like Pollisht stool or that Oar (the Spaniard Calls) Espajado: Upon further search=es into ye Bank wee found a large shelf (as Miners Call it) or Veins of Oar Continguous one to the Other about a yard Broad about 11 or 12 in Number of Divers Colours but Cheifly Blewish or Black, like Spanish Oar Called Soroches or Tacana and Running or Dipping Down inwards under the River: the more and lower wee Dugg the larger the Veins appeard: and when wee had Dugg about 4 or 5 foot Perpendicular A Water issued out of Several Veins so fast that wee were forced to give over our Inquisitive Search: (unless wee had Proper Ingions or Instruments to Clear it) wch if wee had and gone on I on not but Wee had come at A Rich mine And in this Water I made my Observations as followeth: The first think I took Notice off was that A Negro man that had a very Great Swelling on His Legg who working in the mine was Accidentally Cured by standing in that Water: The Negro seeing that He put in A Clean and Bright peece of Silver into this Mineral Water and it Immediately Turned it off a Copporous Colour this put me Upon a farther Inquiery into the Nature and quality of the Water, and Here I was at a Stand and Puzzled how to make an estimate or General Judgment of ye Water: for Observing a Number of Small Streams coming through Several and Different Mineral Veins Judged that each Stream might partake of that quality the mineral was off, and as some veins were more sulphurous Other more Saline, there must be A Strange Mixture of Boath: but Upon Tryal with Galls would but barely Ting [word missing] Turn Black Notwithstanding and of the Veins being Obviously Different from the Rest and Upon Trying that by its self found it to Superabound in Salt: the manner I Tried it is as followeth I took about A pound of the Oar Clean Washed Dryed and put it in A Crucible and gave it A Strong Heat Stirring it until all its Brightness Disappeard, and when Cold I put it into a Glazzed Pot ouring on it A quart of Water Stirring it very Well and when Settled Decanted of the Clear Water into wch I put in about 8 grains of Galls wch Turned the Water as Black as Ink in 15 minutes time and by Evaporation and Crystallization Could gaine A pure fine Copporous Salt or Green Vitrial like al Martis: But I Could not doo see with any of the Rest of the Veins wch seemed all to abound with Sulphur and would not Tinge, or if they had any salt it was not Ferruginous but more of the Nature of those in the Hot Bath I mentioned before: and may be Judg accordingly [several words blurred] Mineral Water at St Faiths abounds more of Sulphur than of Salts and to Inquier into the Nature of the Sulphur it abounds with is A Difficult Matter, every Mineral or Metal (as is Said) to have its Peculiar Sulphur wch is Called by Some Its Masculine Seed and Nature First [fol. 69] First Agent in all Generation of Metals come Near to Elemental Fire Differing from Common Sulphur but this by Way of Digression and to Returne: I took A Small quantity of the Oar in General without Respect to any Particular Vein and Sublimed it of which I gained a large quantity of Red Flowers like those of Antimony with its undigested Mercury (and therefore by some is Called its Malignant Sulphur I also took about 12 ounces of a Particular Vein like that Oar the Spaniards Call Soroches wch by Fuseing it with A Strong Fluxing Fire in A Wind Furnace I Could Gett one ounce of A Pure Regulas as bright as any Starr of Antimony wch after 3 or 4 Meltings I gave A Negro Woman 8 grains of it, wch gave Her 9 or 10 Stools and one large Vomit bringing Up a large Stomack Worm and after she had took the same dose 3 or 4 times it altogether wrote downwards and took away A very Large Tumor She had Upon Her Thigh for some time before; So that it appears (in my Judgment by those Tryalls and some Others I made upon this St Faiths Water to be Impregnated with an Antimonial Sulphur A Vitriolick Salt, and if So I Leave you Sr: to Judge who is a better Judge than I off the Great Virtue and efficacy this Water must have in most Distempers incident to Human bodys This I Can assure and Assert that I saw an Hydropicall Person So Swelled that None of His Cloathes would come on Him and was Carried up to St Faiths in Blanketts to Drink this mineral Water who was in A Short time brought So long or small that His common Wareing Cloathes were much to bigg for Him and Remain in A good State of Health many years after it, I also know one Mr Smallwood Nephew to that Dr Smallwood you Mention in page 55 Introd: that was Cured of His Wound by a Poisned Arrow with Contrayerva the Virtues of Wch I Shall mention Hereafter This Smallwood was so swelled Upwards that He Could not Lye Down in His bed was Cured in six Weeks time by Drinking St Faiths Water Another Gentleman that Labourd under an Ascites was Cured by Drinking this Water at 30 Miles Distance only Now and then when the Water Did not Work by Stool (for it Never fails Working by Urine) an ounce or two of Sal Nitro Dissolved in the Mineral Water wch would give Many Watery Stools for 3 or 4 Days together Many Other Cured I see performed by this Wonderfull Medecinal Water to Tedious Here to Insert and May I Not Now ask the Question without offence since Jamaica so much abounds with Mines and Minerals why some of them if they were Nicely search[ed] or Lookt into might not be as Rich as any of their Neighbours: Mounsr. Galdy affirmed to me A little before I Left Jamaica that He had been up at Hyspaniola where the French had lately found a Rich Silver Mine; it is Certain the Mountains and easternmost Part of the Island of Jamaica Abounds with mines and Minerals and are frequently found more and more wch occasions as (some say) the Night Breezes to be so unholsom Raymundas saith that Vitriol is very Near A kind to Gold and hath Same Original and Principle its Certain there is A great Deal of Excellent Sulphur in Vitriol Paracelsus Accounts it A 3d part of Physick: than as to Antinomy wch is Another Quality The Island Abounds with Valentino Sayeth that its Sulphur is Equavilent to Potable Gold: and the Embry of Mettals and is found in Oruro Upon the [fol. 70] Upon the Main in Peruo in their Silver Oars and Why then Should wee not have Silver Oars in Jamaica Since wee have the same MIenralls with all the Symptoms they Carry and found in Silver Mines: (but this by the By) There is Near Round Hill in Camp Sevanna in the Parish of Vero a little Distant from Milk River (wch is very Brackish) 3 or 4 little Pitts or Holes of Water comeing from under the Round Hill wch Stands by its self in A Plain Sevanna Noo Other mountain being Near it in 8 or 9 Miles its Many Hundred feet High with a Blutt [?] Top: wch Water is a little Hotter than Blood Running ye Veins and in Cryed Up Mightly for Curing of Ulcers Achs and Pains, but Upon Strickt Inquiry I found it more Opinion then Matter of fact and by what Tryalls I made off it it Abounded with Common Marine Salt for out of 16 ounces of the Water I Could Gett six Drams of A Square grained Salt and noo appearance of Nitro as Some People would have it: as for its Warmth or Heat I Cannot Account for unless its Accasioned by a Rapid Motion it seems to have in the mountain by its Noise it makes within wch mountain is Running you mention Introd: p: 11 the Salt Water made into Salt by the Heat of the Sun wch was soo in your time, But Since the Earth quake in 1692 was Observed that there is no Such Salt to be found the Reason (as some say) that the Earthquake broak up the foundation of those Places and Destroyed the Rock of Salt its self whch was supposed the Seed to Lye in Which Turned the Rest of the Heating Waters with the Heat of the Sun into Salt. Wch is now wholly Lost those Place Remaining ever Since Over flowed and Now Turn to Salt: Much mony hath been Spent Since to make Salt but no Noo Purpose: and Now I Shall Leave these Hydrophanticall Observations to your serious Consideration and Candid Jud [fol. 71] Judgement and Opinion of these my mean undertakeing and as Received shall goo on; I wallways Remaining your most Humble Devoted Servant to Command at all times and in all Places Henry Barham Carter Lane November 21: D: 4: 1717

Henry Barham (1670?-1726) was a botanist. He lived in Jamaica and corresponded with Sloane on the plant and animal life of the island. Parts of Barham’s letters to Sloane appeared in the latter’s Natural History of Jamaica (T. F. Henderson, Barham, Henry (1670?1726), rev. Anita McConnell, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1374, accessed 13 June 2011]).




Patient Details

Letter 2214

Henry Barham Sr. to Hans Sloane – November 21, 1717


Item info

Date: November 21, 1717
Author: Henry Barham Sr.
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4045
Folio: ff. 68-71



Original Page



Transcription

[fol. 68] Worthy Sr The Kind Reception of my Last Incourages me to goo on with this, wch Relates to A Cold Water wch I mentioned in my last at St Faiths in ye Parrish of St Johns of Guanaboo about 14 Miles from St. Iago dela Vego: the Tryalls I made of it in About 18 years Past, since wch I have lost most of my Notes and Observations I made Uppon it but what Remains in my memory I shall freely Impart: Walking along in a Small River at St Faiths above said where the Banks of each side are very high and shaded with Pleasant Green Trees, I spied [?] Some Shineing Sticking to the sides of the Banks of ye River, their luster Obliged me to make a farther search into the Banks: wch I found (after A Thin Clay bed was taken off) as it were A perpend=icular Wall of Square Fleaky Stones as it Placed by Art with some Clefts or large partments [?] where was as if Thrust in; Beds of White and Blew Morter, wch Upon handling Stuck Close to the fingers like Stiff Clay smelling So Strong of Sulphur enough to strike one down when first taken out of ye Rocks; wch was full of fine Glitte=rring Particles and some Lumps as bigg as the largest Diamond and when washed Clean from ye Earth Appeared very bright and Glittering like Pollisht stool or that Oar (the Spaniard Calls) Espajado: Upon further search=es into ye Bank wee found a large shelf (as Miners Call it) or Veins of Oar Continguous one to the Other about a yard Broad about 11 or 12 in Number of Divers Colours but Cheifly Blewish or Black, like Spanish Oar Called Soroches or Tacana and Running or Dipping Down inwards under the River: the more and lower wee Dugg the larger the Veins appeard: and when wee had Dugg about 4 or 5 foot Perpendicular A Water issued out of Several Veins so fast that wee were forced to give over our Inquisitive Search: (unless wee had Proper Ingions or Instruments to Clear it) wch if wee had and gone on I on not but Wee had come at A Rich mine And in this Water I made my Observations as followeth: The first think I took Notice off was that A Negro man that had a very Great Swelling on His Legg who working in the mine was Accidentally Cured by standing in that Water: The Negro seeing that He put in A Clean and Bright peece of Silver into this Mineral Water and it Immediately Turned it off a Copporous Colour this put me Upon a farther Inquiery into the Nature and quality of the Water, and Here I was at a Stand and Puzzled how to make an estimate or General Judgment of ye Water: for Observing a Number of Small Streams coming through Several and Different Mineral Veins Judged that each Stream might partake of that quality the mineral was off, and as some veins were more sulphurous Other more Saline, there must be A Strange Mixture of Boath: but Upon Tryal with Galls would but barely Ting [word missing] Turn Black Notwithstanding and of the Veins being Obviously Different from the Rest and Upon Trying that by its self found it to Superabound in Salt: the manner I Tried it is as followeth I took about A pound of the Oar Clean Washed Dryed and put it in A Crucible and gave it A Strong Heat Stirring it until all its Brightness Disappeard, and when Cold I put it into a Glazzed Pot ouring on it A quart of Water Stirring it very Well and when Settled Decanted of the Clear Water into wch I put in about 8 grains of Galls wch Turned the Water as Black as Ink in 15 minutes time and by Evaporation and Crystallization Could gaine A pure fine Copporous Salt or Green Vitrial like al Martis: But I Could not doo see with any of the Rest of the Veins wch seemed all to abound with Sulphur and would not Tinge, or if they had any salt it was not Ferruginous but more of the Nature of those in the Hot Bath I mentioned before: and may be Judg accordingly [several words blurred] Mineral Water at St Faiths abounds more of Sulphur than of Salts and to Inquier into the Nature of the Sulphur it abounds with is A Difficult Matter, every Mineral or Metal (as is Said) to have its Peculiar Sulphur wch is Called by Some Its Masculine Seed and Nature First [fol. 69] First Agent in all Generation of Metals come Near to Elemental Fire Differing from Common Sulphur but this by Way of Digression and to Returne: I took A Small quantity of the Oar in General without Respect to any Particular Vein and Sublimed it of which I gained a large quantity of Red Flowers like those of Antimony with its undigested Mercury (and therefore by some is Called its Malignant Sulphur I also took about 12 ounces of a Particular Vein like that Oar the Spaniards Call Soroches wch by Fuseing it with A Strong Fluxing Fire in A Wind Furnace I Could Gett one ounce of A Pure Regulas as bright as any Starr of Antimony wch after 3 or 4 Meltings I gave A Negro Woman 8 grains of it, wch gave Her 9 or 10 Stools and one large Vomit bringing Up a large Stomack Worm and after she had took the same dose 3 or 4 times it altogether wrote downwards and took away A very Large Tumor She had Upon Her Thigh for some time before; So that it appears (in my Judgment by those Tryalls and some Others I made upon this St Faiths Water to be Impregnated with an Antimonial Sulphur A Vitriolick Salt, and if So I Leave you Sr: to Judge who is a better Judge than I off the Great Virtue and efficacy this Water must have in most Distempers incident to Human bodys This I Can assure and Assert that I saw an Hydropicall Person So Swelled that None of His Cloathes would come on Him and was Carried up to St Faiths in Blanketts to Drink this mineral Water who was in A Short time brought So long or small that His common Wareing Cloathes were much to bigg for Him and Remain in A good State of Health many years after it, I also know one Mr Smallwood Nephew to that Dr Smallwood you Mention in page 55 Introd: that was Cured of His Wound by a Poisned Arrow with Contrayerva the Virtues of Wch I Shall mention Hereafter This Smallwood was so swelled Upwards that He Could not Lye Down in His bed was Cured in six Weeks time by Drinking St Faiths Water Another Gentleman that Labourd under an Ascites was Cured by Drinking this Water at 30 Miles Distance only Now and then when the Water Did not Work by Stool (for it Never fails Working by Urine) an ounce or two of Sal Nitro Dissolved in the Mineral Water wch would give Many Watery Stools for 3 or 4 Days together Many Other Cured I see performed by this Wonderfull Medecinal Water to Tedious Here to Insert and May I Not Now ask the Question without offence since Jamaica so much abounds with Mines and Minerals why some of them if they were Nicely search[ed] or Lookt into might not be as Rich as any of their Neighbours: Mounsr. Galdy affirmed to me A little before I Left Jamaica that He had been up at Hyspaniola where the French had lately found a Rich Silver Mine; it is Certain the Mountains and easternmost Part of the Island of Jamaica Abounds with mines and Minerals and are frequently found more and more wch occasions as (some say) the Night Breezes to be so unholsom Raymundas saith that Vitriol is very Near A kind to Gold and hath Same Original and Principle its Certain there is A great Deal of Excellent Sulphur in Vitriol Paracelsus Accounts it A 3d part of Physick: than as to Antinomy wch is Another Quality The Island Abounds with Valentino Sayeth that its Sulphur is Equavilent to Potable Gold: and the Embry of Mettals and is found in Oruro Upon the [fol. 70] Upon the Main in Peruo in their Silver Oars and Why then Should wee not have Silver Oars in Jamaica Since wee have the same MIenralls with all the Symptoms they Carry and found in Silver Mines: (but this by the By) There is Near Round Hill in Camp Sevanna in the Parish of Vero a little Distant from Milk River (wch is very Brackish) 3 or 4 little Pitts or Holes of Water comeing from under the Round Hill wch Stands by its self in A Plain Sevanna Noo Other mountain being Near it in 8 or 9 Miles its Many Hundred feet High with a Blutt [?] Top: wch Water is a little Hotter than Blood Running ye Veins and in Cryed Up Mightly for Curing of Ulcers Achs and Pains, but Upon Strickt Inquiry I found it more Opinion then Matter of fact and by what Tryalls I made off it it Abounded with Common Marine Salt for out of 16 ounces of the Water I Could Gett six Drams of A Square grained Salt and noo appearance of Nitro as Some People would have it: as for its Warmth or Heat I Cannot Account for unless its Accasioned by a Rapid Motion it seems to have in the mountain by its Noise it makes within wch mountain is Running you mention Introd: p: 11 the Salt Water made into Salt by the Heat of the Sun wch was soo in your time, But Since the Earth quake in 1692 was Observed that there is no Such Salt to be found the Reason (as some say) that the Earthquake broak up the foundation of those Places and Destroyed the Rock of Salt its self whch was supposed the Seed to Lye in Which Turned the Rest of the Heating Waters with the Heat of the Sun into Salt. Wch is now wholly Lost those Place Remaining ever Since Over flowed and Now Turn to Salt: Much mony hath been Spent Since to make Salt but no Noo Purpose: and Now I Shall Leave these Hydrophanticall Observations to your serious Consideration and Candid Jud [fol. 71] Judgement and Opinion of these my mean undertakeing and as Received shall goo on; I wallways Remaining your most Humble Devoted Servant to Command at all times and in all Places Henry Barham Carter Lane November 21: D: 4: 1717

Henry Barham (1670?-1726) was a botanist. He lived in Jamaica and corresponded with Sloane on the plant and animal life of the island. Parts of Barham’s letters to Sloane appeared in the latter’s Natural History of Jamaica (T. F. Henderson, Barham, Henry (1670?1726), rev. Anita McConnell, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1374, accessed 13 June 2011]).




Patient Details

Letter 2213

Henry Barham Sr. to Hans Sloane – November 21, 1717


Item info

Date: November 21, 1717
Author: Henry Barham Sr.
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4045
Folio: ff. 68-71



Original Page



Transcription

[fol. 68] Worthy Sr The Kind Reception of my Last Incourages me to goo on with this, wch Relates to A Cold Water wch I mentioned in my last at St Faiths in ye Parrish of St Johns of Guanaboo about 14 Miles from St. Iago dela Vego: the Tryalls I made of it in About 18 years Past, since wch I have lost most of my Notes and Observations I made Uppon it but what Remains in my memory I shall freely Impart: Walking along in a Small River at St Faiths above said where the Banks of each side are very high and shaded with Pleasant Green Trees, I spied [?] Some Shineing Sticking to the sides of the Banks of ye River, their luster Obliged me to make a farther search into the Banks: wch I found (after A Thin Clay bed was taken off) as it were A perpend=icular Wall of Square Fleaky Stones as it Placed by Art with some Clefts or large partments [?] where was as if Thrust in; Beds of White and Blew Morter, wch Upon handling Stuck Close to the fingers like Stiff Clay smelling So Strong of Sulphur enough to strike one down when first taken out of ye Rocks; wch was full of fine Glitte=rring Particles and some Lumps as bigg as the largest Diamond and when washed Clean from ye Earth Appeared very bright and Glittering like Pollisht stool or that Oar (the Spaniard Calls) Espajado: Upon further search=es into ye Bank wee found a large shelf (as Miners Call it) or Veins of Oar Continguous one to the Other about a yard Broad about 11 or 12 in Number of Divers Colours but Cheifly Blewish or Black, like Spanish Oar Called Soroches or Tacana and Running or Dipping Down inwards under the River: the more and lower wee Dugg the larger the Veins appeard: and when wee had Dugg about 4 or 5 foot Perpendicular A Water issued out of Several Veins so fast that wee were forced to give over our Inquisitive Search: (unless wee had Proper Ingions or Instruments to Clear it) wch if wee had and gone on I on not but Wee had come at A Rich mine And in this Water I made my Observations as followeth: The first think I took Notice off was that A Negro man that had a very Great Swelling on His Legg who working in the mine was Accidentally Cured by standing in that Water: The Negro seeing that He put in A Clean and Bright peece of Silver into this Mineral Water and it Immediately Turned it off a Copporous Colour this put me Upon a farther Inquiery into the Nature and quality of the Water, and Here I was at a Stand and Puzzled how to make an estimate or General Judgment of ye Water: for Observing a Number of Small Streams coming through Several and Different Mineral Veins Judged that each Stream might partake of that quality the mineral was off, and as some veins were more sulphurous Other more Saline, there must be A Strange Mixture of Boath: but Upon Tryal with Galls would but barely Ting [word missing] Turn Black Notwithstanding and of the Veins being Obviously Different from the Rest and Upon Trying that by its self found it to Superabound in Salt: the manner I Tried it is as followeth I took about A pound of the Oar Clean Washed Dryed and put it in A Crucible and gave it A Strong Heat Stirring it until all its Brightness Disappeard, and when Cold I put it into a Glazzed Pot ouring on it A quart of Water Stirring it very Well and when Settled Decanted of the Clear Water into wch I put in about 8 grains of Galls wch Turned the Water as Black as Ink in 15 minutes time and by Evaporation and Crystallization Could gaine A pure fine Copporous Salt or Green Vitrial like al Martis: But I Could not doo see with any of the Rest of the Veins wch seemed all to abound with Sulphur and would not Tinge, or if they had any salt it was not Ferruginous but more of the Nature of those in the Hot Bath I mentioned before: and may be Judg accordingly [several words blurred] Mineral Water at St Faiths abounds more of Sulphur than of Salts and to Inquier into the Nature of the Sulphur it abounds with is A Difficult Matter, every Mineral or Metal (as is Said) to have its Peculiar Sulphur wch is Called by Some Its Masculine Seed and Nature First [fol. 69] First Agent in all Generation of Metals come Near to Elemental Fire Differing from Common Sulphur but this by Way of Digression and to Returne: I took A Small quantity of the Oar in General without Respect to any Particular Vein and Sublimed it of which I gained a large quantity of Red Flowers like those of Antimony with its undigested Mercury (and therefore by some is Called its Malignant Sulphur I also took about 12 ounces of a Particular Vein like that Oar the Spaniards Call Soroches wch by Fuseing it with A Strong Fluxing Fire in A Wind Furnace I Could Gett one ounce of A Pure Regulas as bright as any Starr of Antimony wch after 3 or 4 Meltings I gave A Negro Woman 8 grains of it, wch gave Her 9 or 10 Stools and one large Vomit bringing Up a large Stomack Worm and after she had took the same dose 3 or 4 times it altogether wrote downwards and took away A very Large Tumor She had Upon Her Thigh for some time before; So that it appears (in my Judgment by those Tryalls and some Others I made upon this St Faiths Water to be Impregnated with an Antimonial Sulphur A Vitriolick Salt, and if So I Leave you Sr: to Judge who is a better Judge than I off the Great Virtue and efficacy this Water must have in most Distempers incident to Human bodys This I Can assure and Assert that I saw an Hydropicall Person So Swelled that None of His Cloathes would come on Him and was Carried up to St Faiths in Blanketts to Drink this mineral Water who was in A Short time brought So long or small that His common Wareing Cloathes were much to bigg for Him and Remain in A good State of Health many years after it, I also know one Mr Smallwood Nephew to that Dr Smallwood you Mention in page 55 Introd: that was Cured of His Wound by a Poisned Arrow with Contrayerva the Virtues of Wch I Shall mention Hereafter This Smallwood was so swelled Upwards that He Could not Lye Down in His bed was Cured in six Weeks time by Drinking St Faiths Water Another Gentleman that Labourd under an Ascites was Cured by Drinking this Water at 30 Miles Distance only Now and then when the Water Did not Work by Stool (for it Never fails Working by Urine) an ounce or two of Sal Nitro Dissolved in the Mineral Water wch would give Many Watery Stools for 3 or 4 Days together Many Other Cured I see performed by this Wonderfull Medecinal Water to Tedious Here to Insert and May I Not Now ask the Question without offence since Jamaica so much abounds with Mines and Minerals why some of them if they were Nicely search[ed] or Lookt into might not be as Rich as any of their Neighbours: Mounsr. Galdy affirmed to me A little before I Left Jamaica that He had been up at Hyspaniola where the French had lately found a Rich Silver Mine; it is Certain the Mountains and easternmost Part of the Island of Jamaica Abounds with mines and Minerals and are frequently found more and more wch occasions as (some say) the Night Breezes to be so unholsom Raymundas saith that Vitriol is very Near A kind to Gold and hath Same Original and Principle its Certain there is A great Deal of Excellent Sulphur in Vitriol Paracelsus Accounts it A 3d part of Physick: than as to Antinomy wch is Another Quality The Island Abounds with Valentino Sayeth that its Sulphur is Equavilent to Potable Gold: and the Embry of Mettals and is found in Oruro Upon the [fol. 70] Upon the Main in Peruo in their Silver Oars and Why then Should wee not have Silver Oars in Jamaica Since wee have the same MIenralls with all the Symptoms they Carry and found in Silver Mines: (but this by the By) There is Near Round Hill in Camp Sevanna in the Parish of Vero a little Distant from Milk River (wch is very Brackish) 3 or 4 little Pitts or Holes of Water comeing from under the Round Hill wch Stands by its self in A Plain Sevanna Noo Other mountain being Near it in 8 or 9 Miles its Many Hundred feet High with a Blutt [?] Top: wch Water is a little Hotter than Blood Running ye Veins and in Cryed Up Mightly for Curing of Ulcers Achs and Pains, but Upon Strickt Inquiry I found it more Opinion then Matter of fact and by what Tryalls I made off it it Abounded with Common Marine Salt for out of 16 ounces of the Water I Could Gett six Drams of A Square grained Salt and noo appearance of Nitro as Some People would have it: as for its Warmth or Heat I Cannot Account for unless its Accasioned by a Rapid Motion it seems to have in the mountain by its Noise it makes within wch mountain is Running you mention Introd: p: 11 the Salt Water made into Salt by the Heat of the Sun wch was soo in your time, But Since the Earth quake in 1692 was Observed that there is no Such Salt to be found the Reason (as some say) that the Earthquake broak up the foundation of those Places and Destroyed the Rock of Salt its self whch was supposed the Seed to Lye in Which Turned the Rest of the Heating Waters with the Heat of the Sun into Salt. Wch is now wholly Lost those Place Remaining ever Since Over flowed and Now Turn to Salt: Much mony hath been Spent Since to make Salt but no Noo Purpose: and Now I Shall Leave these Hydrophanticall Observations to your serious Consideration and Candid Jud [fol. 71] Judgement and Opinion of these my mean undertakeing and as Received shall goo on; I wallways Remaining your most Humble Devoted Servant to Command at all times and in all Places Henry Barham Carter Lane November 21: D: 4: 1717

Henry Barham (1670?-1726) was a botanist. He lived in Jamaica and corresponded with Sloane on the plant and animal life of the island. Parts of Barham’s letters to Sloane appeared in the latter’s Natural History of Jamaica (T. F. Henderson, Barham, Henry (1670?1726), rev. Anita McConnell, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1374, accessed 13 June 2011]).




Patient Details

Letter 2215

Henry Barham Sr. to Hans Sloane – November 21, 1717


Item info

Date: November 21, 1717
Author: Henry Barham Sr.
Recipient: Hans Sloane

Library: British Library, London
Manuscript: Sloane MS 4045
Folio: ff. 68-71



Original Page



Transcription

[fol. 68] Worthy Sr The Kind Reception of my Last Incourages me to goo on with this, wch Relates to A Cold Water wch I mentioned in my last at St Faiths in ye Parrish of St Johns of Guanaboo about 14 Miles from St. Iago dela Vego: the Tryalls I made of it in About 18 years Past, since wch I have lost most of my Notes and Observations I made Uppon it but what Remains in my memory I shall freely Impart: Walking along in a Small River at St Faiths above said where the Banks of each side are very high and shaded with Pleasant Green Trees, I spied [?] Some Shineing Sticking to the sides of the Banks of ye River, their luster Obliged me to make a farther search into the Banks: wch I found (after A Thin Clay bed was taken off) as it were A perpend=icular Wall of Square Fleaky Stones as it Placed by Art with some Clefts or large partments [?] where was as if Thrust in; Beds of White and Blew Morter, wch Upon handling Stuck Close to the fingers like Stiff Clay smelling So Strong of Sulphur enough to strike one down when first taken out of ye Rocks; wch was full of fine Glitte=rring Particles and some Lumps as bigg as the largest Diamond and when washed Clean from ye Earth Appeared very bright and Glittering like Pollisht stool or that Oar (the Spaniard Calls) Espajado: Upon further search=es into ye Bank wee found a large shelf (as Miners Call it) or Veins of Oar Continguous one to the Other about a yard Broad about 11 or 12 in Number of Divers Colours but Cheifly Blewish or Black, like Spanish Oar Called Soroches or Tacana and Running or Dipping Down inwards under the River: the more and lower wee Dugg the larger the Veins appeard: and when wee had Dugg about 4 or 5 foot Perpendicular A Water issued out of Several Veins so fast that wee were forced to give over our Inquisitive Search: (unless wee had Proper Ingions or Instruments to Clear it) wch if wee had and gone on I on not but Wee had come at A Rich mine And in this Water I made my Observations as followeth: The first think I took Notice off was that A Negro man that had a very Great Swelling on His Legg who working in the mine was Accidentally Cured by standing in that Water: The Negro seeing that He put in A Clean and Bright peece of Silver into this Mineral Water and it Immediately Turned it off a Copporous Colour this put me Upon a farther Inquiery into the Nature and quality of the Water, and Here I was at a Stand and Puzzled how to make an estimate or General Judgment of ye Water: for Observing a Number of Small Streams coming through Several and Different Mineral Veins Judged that each Stream might partake of that quality the mineral was off, and as some veins were more sulphurous Other more Saline, there must be A Strange Mixture of Boath: but Upon Tryal with Galls would but barely Ting [word missing] Turn Black Notwithstanding and of the Veins being Obviously Different from the Rest and Upon Trying that by its self found it to Superabound in Salt: the manner I Tried it is as followeth I took about A pound of the Oar Clean Washed Dryed and put it in A Crucible and gave it A Strong Heat Stirring it until all its Brightness Disappeard, and when Cold I put it into a Glazzed Pot ouring on it A quart of Water Stirring it very Well and when Settled Decanted of the Clear Water into wch I put in about 8 grains of Galls wch Turned the Water as Black as Ink in 15 minutes time and by Evaporation and Crystallization Could gaine A pure fine Copporous Salt or Green Vitrial like al Martis: But I Could not doo see with any of the Rest of the Veins wch seemed all to abound with Sulphur and would not Tinge, or if they had any salt it was not Ferruginous but more of the Nature of those in the Hot Bath I mentioned before: and may be Judg accordingly [several words blurred] Mineral Water at St Faiths abounds more of Sulphur than of Salts and to Inquier into the Nature of the Sulphur it abounds with is A Difficult Matter, every Mineral or Metal (as is Said) to have its Peculiar Sulphur wch is Called by Some Its Masculine Seed and Nature First [fol. 69] First Agent in all Generation of Metals come Near to Elemental Fire Differing from Common Sulphur but this by Way of Digression and to Returne: I took A Small quantity of the Oar in General without Respect to any Particular Vein and Sublimed it of which I gained a large quantity of Red Flowers like those of Antimony with its undigested Mercury (and therefore by some is Called its Malignant Sulphur I also took about 12 ounces of a Particular Vein like that Oar the Spaniards Call Soroches wch by Fuseing it with A Strong Fluxing Fire in A Wind Furnace I Could Gett one ounce of A Pure Regulas as bright as any Starr of Antimony wch after 3 or 4 Meltings I gave A Negro Woman 8 grains of it, wch gave Her 9 or 10 Stools and one large Vomit bringing Up a large Stomack Worm and after she had took the same dose 3 or 4 times it altogether wrote downwards and took away A very Large Tumor She had Upon Her Thigh for some time before; So that it appears (in my Judgment by those Tryalls and some Others I made upon this St Faiths Water to be Impregnated with an Antimonial Sulphur A Vitriolick Salt, and if So I Leave you Sr: to Judge who is a better Judge than I off the Great Virtue and efficacy this Water must have in most Distempers incident to Human bodys This I Can assure and Assert that I saw an Hydropicall Person So Swelled that None of His Cloathes would come on Him and was Carried up to St Faiths in Blanketts to Drink this mineral Water who was in A Short time brought So long or small that His common Wareing Cloathes were much to bigg for Him and Remain in A good State of Health many years after it, I also know one Mr Smallwood Nephew to that Dr Smallwood you Mention in page 55 Introd: that was Cured of His Wound by a Poisned Arrow with Contrayerva the Virtues of Wch I Shall mention Hereafter This Smallwood was so swelled Upwards that He Could not Lye Down in His bed was Cured in six Weeks time by Drinking St Faiths Water Another Gentleman that Labourd under an Ascites was Cured by Drinking this Water at 30 Miles Distance only Now and then when the Water Did not Work by Stool (for it Never fails Working by Urine) an ounce or two of Sal Nitro Dissolved in the Mineral Water wch would give Many Watery Stools for 3 or 4 Days together Many Other Cured I see performed by this Wonderfull Medecinal Water to Tedious Here to Insert and May I Not Now ask the Question without offence since Jamaica so much abounds with Mines and Minerals why some of them if they were Nicely search[ed] or Lookt into might not be as Rich as any of their Neighbours: Mounsr. Galdy affirmed to me A little before I Left Jamaica that He had been up at Hyspaniola where the French had lately found a Rich Silver Mine; it is Certain the Mountains and easternmost Part of the Island of Jamaica Abounds with mines and Minerals and are frequently found more and more wch occasions as (some say) the Night Breezes to be so unholsom Raymundas saith that Vitriol is very Near A kind to Gold and hath Same Original and Principle its Certain there is A great Deal of Excellent Sulphur in Vitriol Paracelsus Accounts it A 3d part of Physick: than as to Antinomy wch is Another Quality The Island Abounds with Valentino Sayeth that its Sulphur is Equavilent to Potable Gold: and the Embry of Mettals and is found in Oruro Upon the [fol. 70] Upon the Main in Peruo in their Silver Oars and Why then Should wee not have Silver Oars in Jamaica Since wee have the same MIenralls with all the Symptoms they Carry and found in Silver Mines: (but this by the By) There is Near Round Hill in Camp Sevanna in the Parish of Vero a little Distant from Milk River (wch is very Brackish) 3 or 4 little Pitts or Holes of Water comeing from under the Round Hill wch Stands by its self in A Plain Sevanna Noo Other mountain being Near it in 8 or 9 Miles its Many Hundred feet High with a Blutt [?] Top: wch Water is a little Hotter than Blood Running ye Veins and in Cryed Up Mightly for Curing of Ulcers Achs and Pains, but Upon Strickt Inquiry I found it more Opinion then Matter of fact and by what Tryalls I made off it it Abounded with Common Marine Salt for out of 16 ounces of the Water I Could Gett six Drams of A Square grained Salt and noo appearance of Nitro as Some People would have it: as for its Warmth or Heat I Cannot Account for unless its Accasioned by a Rapid Motion it seems to have in the mountain by its Noise it makes within wch mountain is Running you mention Introd: p: 11 the Salt Water made into Salt by the Heat of the Sun wch was soo in your time, But Since the Earth quake in 1692 was Observed that there is no Such Salt to be found the Reason (as some say) that the Earthquake broak up the foundation of those Places and Destroyed the Rock of Salt its self whch was supposed the Seed to Lye in Which Turned the Rest of the Heating Waters with the Heat of the Sun into Salt. Wch is now wholly Lost those Place Remaining ever Since Over flowed and Now Turn to Salt: Much mony hath been Spent Since to make Salt but no Noo Purpose: and Now I Shall Leave these Hydrophanticall Observations to your serious Consideration and Candid Jud [fol. 71] Judgement and Opinion of these my mean undertakeing and as Received shall goo on; I wallways Remaining your most Humble Devoted Servant to Command at all times and in all Places Henry Barham Carter Lane November 21: D: 4: 1717

Henry Barham (1670?-1726) was a botanist. He lived in Jamaica and corresponded with Sloane on the plant and animal life of the island. Parts of Barham’s letters to Sloane appeared in the latter’s Natural History of Jamaica (T. F. Henderson, Barham, Henry (1670?1726), rev. Anita McConnell, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1374, accessed 13 June 2011]).




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