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Charles Jervas, Portrait of Harriet Pelham-Holles, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (d.1776). Credit: Sotheby’s, Wikimedia Commons.

Henrietta Pelham-Holles (nee Godolphin) was, the wife of British Statesman and Prime Minister Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne. They married in 1717 and had a happy marriage, though they did not have children. The Duchess suffered from poor health and, later in life, preferred to remain away from politics; however, she frequently provided her husband with advice. She died in 1776.

Reference

Reed Browning, ‘Holles, Thomas Pelham-, duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and first duke of Newcastle under Lyme (1693–1768)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2011 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/21801, accessed 23 Jan 2017].

Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland (1675-1722), was a prominent politician during the reigns of Queen Anne and George I. He studied at the University of Leiden and was interested in scholarship as well as being fluent in several foreign languages.

Reference:

Henry L. Snyder, Spencer, Charles, third earl of Sunderland (1675–1722), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, (Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2006, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/26117, [accessed 30 May 2011]).

Henry Hare, 2nd Baron Coleraine, was MP for Old Sarum and although his privy chamber office ended with the death of Charles II, he held local offices in Middlesex through the 1680s and 90s. In 1705, he published ‘The History and antiquities of the town and church of Tottenham’

Reference:

(Nicholas Doggett, Hare, Henry, second Baron Coleraine (bap. 1636, d. 1708), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/12299, accessed 8 July 2013]).

John Ray was a theologian and naturalist who collected and catalogued his botanical findings in the much lauded Historia plantarum (1686, 1688)

Reference:

(Scott Mandelbrote, Ray , John (16271705), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2005 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23203, accessed 18 June

Peter Barwick (1619-1705) was a physician. He served Charles II in 1651 and was censor of the College of Physicians in 1674, 1684, and 1687. Sir Hans Sloane was one of the executors of Barwick’s will.

Reference:

(Peter Elmer, ‘Barwick, Peter (1619–1705)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1614, accessed 9 July 2014]).

William Courten, alias Charleton (1642-1702) was a naturalist and collector. He may have adopted the name Charleton to avoid creditors. Courten befriended Hans Sloane and Tancred Robinson while studying at Montpellier and was well acquainted with other physicians and scientists including Martin LIster and Leonard Plukenet. After his death Courten’s collection came into the hands of Sloane and the latter authored Courten’s epitaph

Reference:

(B. D. Jackson, ‘Courten , William (1642–1702)’, rev. A. J. Turner, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2006,[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/6447, accessed 22 July 2014]).

Mary Finch (d. 1742) married Edward Finch, a Church of England clergyman and musician, some time before 1707. Mary was the daughter of Nicholas Stanley, fellow of New College, Oxford

Reference:

David Griffiths, ‘Finch, Edward (bap. 1663, d. 1738)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/9429, accessed 25 June 2014].